Basicamente lo que haremos es construir una red de transporte Ipv4 a traves de OSPFv2 para intercambio de rutas y conformaremos un Tunnel Ipv6IP entre un router que sera nuestra isla de Ipv6 y el destino que será un router que cuenta con capacidades tanto para enrular trafico v4 como v6.
Adicionalmente correremos OSPFv3 en el tunnel para el intercambio de rutas IPv6.
A continuacion se presenta la red a implementar:
Utilizaremos las loopbacks 0 IPv4 10.0.0.X donde X es el numero de cada Router, estas loopbacks son importantes ya que desempeñan el rol de Router ID para OSPF tanto para v4 como para v6.
R1:
interface Loopback 0
ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
Configuraremos las loopbacks 100 Ipv6 en los routers R1, R3 y R4, el no configurarla en R2 es intencional ya que R2 solamente funcionara como transporte IPv4 en el cual encapsularemos transporte IPv6, para esto utilizaremos la red 2001:ABCD::X/128 donde X es el numero de router
R1:
interface Loopback 100
ipv6 address 2001:ABCD::1/128
Configuraremos un tunnel entre R1 y R3 por lo cual nos valdremos del proceso de OSPF en IPv4 para intercambiar las loopbacks 10.0.0.X las cuales utilizaremos como source y destination para establecer el tunnel.
R1:
interface Tunnel0
tunnel source Loopback0
tunnel destination 10.0.0.3
tunnel mode ipv6ip
El tunnel necesita subnet Ipv6 para funcionar correctamente esta al igual que todas las direcciones punto a punto de tipo locales las configuraremos a traves del feature autoconfig el cual utiliza la mac address para generar una dirección Ipv6 única en un enlace local.
R1:
interface Tunnel 0
ipv6 address autoconfig
A continuacion se presentan las configuraciones aplicadas en cada equipo
R1:
ipv6 unicast-routing << Activamos el enrutamiento del protocolo IPv6
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface Loopback100
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:ABCD::1/128
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Tunnel0
no ip address
ipv6 address autoconfig << Usamos el feature autoconfig para configurar las IP de dinamicas
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 << A traves de este comando iniciamos OSPFv3 en el tunnel
tunnel source Loopback0
tunnel destination 10.0.0.3
tunnel mode ipv6ip
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.210.12.1 255.255.255.252
ip ospf network point-to-point
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.210.12.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.1 << Definimos un router ID consistente para el OSPFv3
log-adjacency-changes
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 10.210.12.2 255.255.255.252
ip ospf network point-to-point
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 10.210.23.1 255.255.255.252
ip ospf network point-to-point
duplex auto
speed auto
mpls ip
!
router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.2
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.210.12.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.210.23.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R3:
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface Loopback100
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:ABCD::3/128
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface Tunnel0
no ip address
ipv6 address autoconfig
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
tunnel source Loopback0
tunnel destination 10.0.0.1 << Destinos y Origen del tunnel son Ipv4
tunnel mode ipv6ip
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address autoconfig
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 10.210.23.2 255.255.255.252
ip ospf network point-to-point
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.3
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.0.0.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.210.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.3
log-adjacency-changes
!
R4:
ipv6 unicast-routing
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.255
!
interface Loopback100
no ip address
ip ospf 1 area 0
ipv6 address 2001:ABCD::4/128
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address autoconfig
ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
ipv6 router ospf 1
router-id 10.0.0.4
log-adjacency-changes
!
Comprobamos el funcionamiento de nuestra solución, las tablas de enrolamiento son independientes para ambos protocolos, como podrán observar en R2 no existe ningún prefijo IPv6
Tablas de Enrutamiento IPv4 e IPv6
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.0.0.2/32 [110/11] via 10.210.12.2, 00:23:33, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.0.0.3/32 [110/21] via 10.210.12.2, 00:23:33, FastEthernet0/0
C 10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.210.23.0/30 [110/20] via 10.210.12.2, 00:23:33, FastEthernet0/0
C 10.210.12.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#sho ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
LC 2001:ABCD::1/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback100
O 2001:ABCD::3/128 [110/11111] << Prefijos aprendidos por OSPFv3
via FE80::A00:3, Tunnel0
O 2001:ABCD::4/128 [110/11121]
via FE80::A00:3, Tunnel0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.0.0.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.0.0.3/32 [110/11] via 10.210.23.2, 00:23:34, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.0.0.1/32 [110/11] via 10.210.12.1, 00:23:34, FastEthernet0/0
C 10.210.23.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C 10.210.12.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 0 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
<< No hay prefijos en la tabla de Ipv6
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.0.0.2/32 [110/11] via 10.210.23.1, 00:24:47, FastEthernet0/1
C 10.0.0.3/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 10.0.0.1/32 [110/21] via 10.210.23.1, 00:24:47, FastEthernet0/1
C 10.210.23.0/30 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O 10.210.12.0/30 [110/20] via 10.210.23.1, 00:24:47, FastEthernet0/1
<< La tabla de Ipv4 solamente la estamos utilizando para intercambiar las rutas del origen y destino del tunnel bien podriamos utilizar rutas estaticas, BGP o cualquier otro protocolo dinámico para esta labor.
R3#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
O 2001:ABCD::1/128 [110/11111]
via FE80::A00:1, Tunnel0
LC 2001:ABCD::3/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback100
O 2001:ABCD::4/128 [110/10]
via FE80::C203:13FF:FE0A:0, FastEthernet0/0
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
<< OSPFv3 es la version de OSPF para IPv6 existen también versiones de RIP, EIGRP y BGP para IPv6
R4#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 5 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
O 2001:ABCD::1/128 [110/11121]
via FE80::C202:13FF:FE0A:0, FastEthernet0/0
O 2001:ABCD::3/128 [110/10]
via FE80::C202:13FF:FE0A:0, FastEthernet0/0
LC 2001:ABCD::4/128 [0/0]
via ::, Loopback100
L FE80::/10 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
<< En R4 no tenemos tabla de IPv4 ya que únicamente esta hablando IPv6
Prueba de Conectividad de Ipv6 desde R1 hasta R4
R1#ping ipv6 2001:ABCD::4
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2001:ABCD::4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/58/64 ms
Espero les haya gustado y sea de utilidad este post el cual me inspire en una pregunta de Antonio Perez para desarrollarlo, no duden en preguntar y se agradecen correcciones de antemano.
